Do you want to make your garden more sustainable and reduce waste? Then composting is just the thing for you! With the right instructions, you can easily make your own nutrient-rich compost – whether you have a large garden or just a small balcony.

When we emigrated to Spain, we wanted to keep our sustainable habits from Germany – like composting. But in dry and hot regions like here, this quickly proved to be a challenge. With a few adjustments, we still managed to do it, and I’ll show you step by step how you can too.

 

1. Choose the Right Location

 

Germany

Choose a semi-shaded spot in your garden to ensure even decomposition. Direct sunlight can help, but too much moisture from frequent rain should be avoided.

Spain

Always place the composter in a shaded area, such as under a tree or on the north side of your house. Direct sunlight in hot regions can quickly dry out the compost.

 

2. Prepare the Base

 

Germany

Remove the grass from the selected spot and loosen the soil to allow worms and microorganisms to help break down the compost from below.

Spain

Prepare a similar base, but add a layer of coarse branches or stones. This helps improve air circulation, which is critical in hot conditions.

 

3. Set Up the Composter

 

Germany

A simple plastic composter or a homemade wooden frame works well. Make sure the composter has a lid to prevent excess moisture from rain.

Spain

A plastic composter is also suitable here. Alternatively, use an open wooden frame, but cover it with a tarp or jute mat to protect it from sunlight.

 

4. Collect and Layer Materials

 

Germany

Use a mix of “green” (wet) materials like kitchen scraps, grass clippings, and “brown” (dry) materials like leaves, branches, or cardboard. Aim for a 2:1 ratio (green to brown).

Spain

Ensure that green materials make up a larger proportion to counteract the dryness. Slightly moisten the waste before adding it, and layer it with dry materials like shredded cardboard or straw.

 

5. Control Moisture and Aeration

 

Germany

Moisture is usually balanced by the climate. The compost should feel like a wrung-out sponge. Turn the compost every few weeks to add oxygen.

Spain

Spray the compost regularly with water, especially during hot summer months. Avoid turning it too often, as this accelerates moisture evaporation. Once every two to three weeks is sufficient.

 

6. Use Composting Aids (Optional)

 

Germany

A compost starter from a store or a handful of finished compost can speed up decomposition. These aids are usually optional.

Spain

In dry and hot areas, a compost starter can be very helpful. Alternatively, consider the Bokashi method, where kitchen scraps are fermented in an airtight container. The fermented waste can then be added to the composter or buried directly in the soil.

 

7. Harvest Finished Compost

 

Germany

After 6–12 months (depending on the season), the compost is ready. It should be dark, crumbly, and have an earthy smell.

Spain

Due to the drier conditions, the process may take longer—up to 12–18 months. Patience is key, and regular moisture addition will speed up decomposition.

 

Conclusion: Similarities and Differences

While the basic steps are similar in Germany and Spain, composting in hot, dry regions requires additional measures like moisture management and sun protection. With proper preparation and care, you can produce high-quality compost in both countries that benefits your garden.